Billy Elliot The Musical: visual representations of working-class masculinity and the all-singing, all-dancing bo[d]y

According to Cynthia Weber, ‘[d]ance is commonly thought of as liberating, transformative, empowering, transgressive, and even as dangerous’. Yet ballet as a masculine activity still remains a suspect phenomenon. This paper will challenge this claim in relation to Billy Elliot the Musical and its critical reception. The transformation of the visual representation of the human body on stage (from an ephemeral existence to a timeless work of art) will be discussed and analysed vis-a-vis the text and sub-texts of Stephen Daldry’s direction and Peter Darling’s choreography. The dynamics of working-class masculinity will be contextualised within the framework of the family, the older female, the community, the self and the act of dancing itself

Supracrestal tissue attachment: an update

Supracrestal tissue attachment (STA) is a relatively new term that was introduced in 2017 following the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions, co-sponsored by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), which included expert participants from all over the world. It has replaced the term biological width, and refers to the junctional epithelium and supracrestal connective tissue. This article provides an updated review of the anatomy of STA, highlights the negative effects of violation and discusses its clinical relevance in restorative dentistry, including the use of crown lengthening. The impact of implants on STA is highlighted, and a summary of the relevance of STA in implant dentistry is also discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To allow dental practitioners to have more confidence providing adequate function, comfort, and aesthetics in the dentition, while maintaining periodontal health. </jats:p

Lineage BA.2 dominated the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave in the Philippines

The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant led to a dramatic global epidemic wave following detection in South Africa in November, 2021. The Omicron lineage BA.1 was dominant and responsible for most SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in countries around the world during December 2021-January 2022, whilst other Omicron lineages including BA.2 accounted for the minority of global isolates. Here, we describe the Omicron wave in the Philippines by analysing genomic data. Our results identify the presence of both BA.1 and BA.2 lineages in the Philippines in December 2021, before cases surged in January 2022. We infer that only lineage BA.2 underwent sustained transmission in the country, with an estimated emergence around November 18th, 2021 [95% highest posterior density: November 6-28th], whilst despite multiple introductions BA.1 transmission remained limited. These results suggest the Philippines was one of the earliest areas affected by BA.2, and reiterate the importance of whole-genome sequencing for monitoring outbreaks